Projects, one carbon-utilization stack
Flagship projects that, together, span the full path from catalyst surface to plant-scale economics. Each is summarized with its problem, approach, results, and outputs.
Tandem Gas-Diffusion Electrodes for C2+
A structured Cu–Ag bilayer that decouples CO generation from C–C coupling.
The problem
Copper is the only metal that couples CO₂ to multicarbon products, but it wastes current on hydrogen and CO.
The approach
Pair a CO-generating silver layer with a coupling-optimized copper layer across a tuned gas-diffusion electrode.
Key results
74% C2+ Faradaic efficiency at 300 mA cm⁻², sustained over 200 hours.
Flood-Resistant Membrane-Electrode Assemblies
Hydrophobic-gradient MEAs that run for weeks without flooding.
The problem
Gas-diffusion electrodes flood as salts precipitate, collapsing performance within hours.
The approach
Engineer a wettability gradient through the catalyst and transport layers to expel liquid water.
Key results
1000 hours of stable CO₂ electrolysis with less than 10% performance loss.
The Ethylene Cost Floor
A techno-economic model for when electrochemical ethylene beats cracking.
The problem
It is unclear which performance targets actually make CO₂-to-ethylene economical.
The approach
Build a bottom-up cost model coupling electricity price, selectivity, and durability.
Key results
Identified the electricity-price and selectivity frontier where electrochemical ethylene is cost-competitive.
